[Primary safety — Dermal limits] Tisserand R & Young R. Essential Oil Safety, 2nd Ed. Churchill Livingstone, 2014. p.281 — Grapefruit cold-pressed; max 4% leave-on (phototoxic furanocoumarins); 12–18h avoid UV
[Drug interaction clarification] Tisserand R (Hana Tisserand). "Grapefruit oil and medication — is there a potential interaction?" Tisserand Institute, 2021. URL: tisserandinstitute.org/learn-more/grapefruit-oil-and-medication — DHB absent EO; no known drug interaction at aromatherapy doses
[GC/MS + Tyrosinase inhibition] Sajid R et al. "Valorization of hydro-distillate of fruit peels of Citrus paradisi macfad. Cultivar Foster." Heliyon 2024;10(17):e36226. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36226. PMID: 39281520
[AChE + nootkatone] Lim WC et al. 2012 (cited in PMC12847280 2026): "nootkatone and auraptene AChE inhibition 17–24% at low concentrations."
[Nootkatone AMPK anti-obesity] Kamimura N et al. "Nootkatone, a characteristic constituent of grapefruit, stimulates energy metabolism and prevents diet-induced obesity." Biol Pharm Bull 2012;35(12):2070–5. PMID: 22305610
[CYP3A4 review] Tương tác nước ép bưởi chùm và thuốc. Đại học Đà Lạt Library. scholar.dlu.edu.vn. 2019. "DHB là cơ chế chính CYP3A4 interaction."
[Chemistry comprehensive] González-Mas MC et al. Front Plant Sci 2019;10:12. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00012. PMID: 30804951
[Phototoxicity] Tisserand Institute. "Phototoxicity: essential oils, sun and safety." 2023. URL: tisserandinstitute.org/phototoxicity-essential-oils-sun-and-safety; craft360.com.au dermal limits 2026
[HLB disease nootkatone] da Cruz MA et al. J Agric Food Chem 2023. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02196 — HLB reduces nootkatone; nootkatone quality marker
[Insecticidal nootkatone] Panella NA et al. "Use of novel compounds for pest control: insecticidal and acaricidal activity of nootkatone from grapefruit." J Med Entomol 2005;42(3):352–7. PMID: 15962790; EPA Registration No. 90072-1, 2020
[Antimicrobial quorum sensing] Avis T. 2007 cited in PMC sources; Gram DG et al. J Food Prot 2008; PMID: 19827963
[Anxiolytic] Contreras CM et al. "Grapefruit EO inhalation reduces sympathetic activity." Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 2014. PMID: 24707624
[VN distinction C. paradisi vs C. grandis] scholar.dlu.edu.vn Vietnamese pharmacy review; Nhà thuốc Long Châu product descriptions
[Data reliability] HIGH — Safety (Tisserand p.281 + CYP3A4 clarification expert consensus); HIGH — Chemistry (GC/MS multi-source + nootkatone markers); HIGH — Insecticidal nootkatone (EPA reg.); MODERATE — Anti-obesity, anxiolytic (animal studies); MODERATE — Tyrosinase inhibition (in vitro); LOW — VN traditional YHCT (không có lịch sử cổ truyền với C. paradisi)