Tinh dầu pimento — tiêu Jamaica

Pimento Berry

Pimenta dioica L.

MiddleGia vị

“Cay ấm như đinh hương, thơm phong phú từ eugenol, ngọt cay phức hợp quế-tiêu-nhục đậu khấu (đặc trưng allspice phản ánh tính cách "all-spice"), profile gia vị Caribbean-jerk cổ điển, thoáng ngọt balsamic, đầu hương xanh tươi như thông từ terpinolene + α-phellandrene, đáy gỗ cay từ β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene, độ sâu ấm thơm dai dẳng, đặc trưng accord gia vị nước hoa cổ điển”

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Thận trọngNốt hương giữaSpicy-warm-aromatic

⚠️Tinh dầu này cần thận trọng khi sử dụng. Đọc kỹ hướng dẫn an toàn.

Tổng Quan

Danh pháp khoa học: Pimenta dioica L.
Họ thực vật: Myrtaceae
Bộ phận dùng: Dried unripe berries (mature green-to-purple → harvested green → sun-dried 5–10 days → distilled)
Phương pháp chiết xuất: Chưng cất hơi nước
Màu sắc: Pale yellow to light brown clear-to-slightly-cloudy steam-distilled berry EO; darkens with age
Phân loại nốt hương: Nốt Middle

Các quốc gia sản xuất chính

JamaicaMexicoHondurasGuatemala

Tình trạng tại Việt Nam

Xem chi tiết

Phân loại nốt

Hương giữa

Độ bền trên da

2–4 giờ

Họ hương

Spicy-warm-aromatic

Mô tả hương

Cay ấm như đinh hương, thơm phong phú từ eugenol, ngọt cay phức hợp quế-tiêu-nhục đậu khấu (đặc trưng allspice phản ánh tính cách "all-spice"), profile gia vị Caribbean-jerk cổ điển, thoáng ngọt balsamic, đầu hương xanh tươi như thông từ terpinolene + α-phellandrene, đáy gỗ cay từ β-caryophyllene + α-caryophyllene, độ sâu ấm thơm dai dẳng, đặc trưng accord gia vị nước hoa cổ điển

Cường độ hương

4/5

Da khô

1/5

Da dầu/mụn

2/5

Da lão hóa

2/5

Da thường

2/5

Da nhạy cảm

1/5

Da hỗn hợp

2/5

Nhập khẩu

Tên gọi tại Việt Nam

Tinh dầu pimento (quả mọng) — tiêu Jamaica

An Toàn

Giới hạn bôi da

0.15%

Theo hồ sơ an toàn (người lớn)

Bảo quản

Bảo quản nơi tối, mát

Xem hồ sơ an toàn chi tiết

Pha Chế & Hòa Hợp

Chống oxy hoá

Eugenol and minor phenolics scavenge free radicals via hydrogen-atom transfer; DPPH and ABTS IC₅₀ confirmed in vitro for *Pimenta dioica* oil with significant radical-scavenging capacity.

Ref: Padmakumari et al (2011) DPPH + ABTS; class-extrapolation from eugenol constituent profile (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14)

Analgesic / counterirritant

Eugenol (67–80%) activates and subsequently desensitises TRPV1 nociceptors, producing initial local warmth followed by reduced pain signal transmission; well-established mechanism for eugenol-dominant EOs.

Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol constituent profile (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14)

Antimicrobial — broad-spectrum

Eugenol disrupts bacterial cell membranes and inhibits microbial ATPase; eugenol-dominant Myrtaceae EOs rank among the most potent plant-derived antimicrobials documented.

Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol constituent profile (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14)

Chống viêm

Eugenol inhibits COX-1/COX-2 enzymes, reducing prostaglandin synthesis; β-caryophyllene provides secondary CB2-receptor agonist anti-inflammatory contribution.

Ref: class-extrapolation from eugenol + β-Caryophyllene profiles (Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14)

Antiplatelet — drug-interaction caution

Eugenol inhibits platelet aggregation via thromboxane A₂ pathway suppression; clinically significant interaction risk with warfarin, heparin, aspirin, clopidogrel, and NSAIDs.

Ref: Janssens et al (1990); Tisserand & Young 2014, Box 7.1 anticoagulant caution class-list

Anticarcinogenic — research signal only

(+)-Limonene and α/β-caryophyllene are recognised anticarcinogenic constituents at class level; constituent-level research signal only — no clinical aromatherapy evidence.

Ref: Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.14 (+)-Limonene + α/β-Caryophyllene class-rail

Warming / rubefacient

Eugenol TRPV1 activation produces local vasodilation and sustained warming sensation; supports traditional spice-aromatherapy energetic use for cold, stagnant, or sluggish conditions.

Ref: Mojay (1996); Tisserand & Young 2014, Ch.13 p.765–766

AI-summary

No RCT-grade clinical evidence located for pimento berry EO in aromatherapy indications. The strongest dermal safety data is Opdyke (1979b): 8% undiluted EO applied to 25 volunteers produced neither irritation nor sensitisation, and was confirmed non-phototoxic — a safety baseline far above the T&Y 0.15% HARD-CAP imposed by methyleugenol 13.1% content. In vitro antioxidant activity was confirmed by Padmakumari et al (2011) via DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging assays. Eugenol's analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties are extensively documented at constituent level. Antiplatelet activity (Janssens et al 1990) is pharmacologically significant but constitutes a drug-interaction hazard rather than a therapeutic application. Non-genotoxic per Hayashi et al (1988) mouse micronucleus assay.

Narrative

Tâm trạng: Kích thích, Nâng tinh thần

warmthvitalitygợi cảmtự tincomfortnostalgia

Chakra

Luân xa Hông

Ngũ hành

Hỏa

Phương pháp	Liều lượng	Ghi chú
Diffusion	1–2 drops per 100 ml water, max 15-min sessions	Most practical route. Warm spice-clove aromatic profile. Ventilate room after session. Avoid near infants, young children, and during pregnancy. Do not use undiluted.
Topical massage	Max 0.15% in carrier oil (~1 drop per 33 ml carrier)	T&Y HARD-CAP 0.15% via methyleugenol 13.1%. Patch test mandatory. Avoid on sensitive, broken, or inflamed skin. Avoid if taking anticoagulants or pre-surgically.
Personal inhalation	1–2 drops on inhaler wick or cloth	Brief aromatic inhalation only. Do not use for steam inhalation — high eugenol vapour concentrations risk mucous membrane irritation. Warming, spicy scent profile.

Dầu nền phù hợp

Fractionated coconut oilColourless, odourless, and highly stable; ideal for preparing precise sub-0.15% dilutions without adding competing aroma or altering the spice profile.

Jojoba waxLiquid wax with exceptional oxidative stability and extremely long shelf life; well-suited for storing very low-concentration blends required by the 0.15% cap.

Sweet almond oilMild, emollient, and widely tolerated on intact skin; suitable base for the minimal topical formulations permitted within the hard dermal ceiling.

Kết hợp tốt với

GỗNhựa câyCam chanhHoaĐất ẩm

Blend kinh điển

Ylang Ylang— The floral sweetness of ylang ylang softens pimento berry's intense spice edge, creating a sensual oriental accord with lasting warmth.

Sweet Orange— Citrus brightness lifts pimento berry's dense warmth into a festive, uplifting accord reminiscent of mulled spice and winter markets.

Frankincense— Resinous frankincense grounds pimento berry's volatile spice into meditative depth, lending the blend ceremonial gravitas.

Black Pepper— Shared dry peppery warmth creates a seamless bridge, with black pepper adding a crisp, energising dimension that sharpens the blend.

[Lawrence] 87, 1995g p.184) — primary chemistry sources for full constituent profile (cited in B216 Ch.13 p.765)

[Analytical Methods Committee] pimento berry analytical standardization (cited in B216)

[Green & Espinosa] Jamaican and Central American pimento (allspice) characterization of flavor differences (cited in B216 chemistry source)

[Opdyke] clinical patch-test 8%/32 volunteers neither irritating nor sensitizing + non-phototoxic (cited in B216 clinical-clean rails)

[Hayashi et al] mouse micronucleus test pimento berry oil non-genotoxic (cited in B216 anti-genotoxic research signal)

[Padmakumari et al] DPPH IC50 4.8–5.1 µg/mL + ABTS IC50 2.3–2.9 µg/mL antioxidant activity for two pimento berry oils 74.7%+73.4% eugenol + 4.1%+9.5% methyleugenol (cited in B216 antioxidant research class)

[Janssens et al] eugenol platelet-aggregation-inhibition mechanism (cited in B216 cardiovascular effects rail)

[B216 Methyleugenol profile Chapter 14] class-rail rodent carcinogen + 0.02% T&Y dermal limit + 0.01 mg/kg oral limit + IFRA 0.0004% leave-on cap + SCCNFP 0.0002% cap European Commission 2002

[B216 Eugenol profile Chapter 14] IFRA 0.5% leave-on + rinse-off skin-sensitization-prevention cap rationale

[B216] anticarcinogenic-class-rail

[B216 α-Caryophyllene profile Chapter 14] anticarcinogenic-class-rail moderate-activity

[IFRA 2009] methyleugenol 0.0004% leave-on regulatory cap rationale + eugenol 0.5% rationale

[European Commission] methyleugenol 0.0002% cosmetic regulatory cap (more conservative than IFRA)

[APG-IV] Myrtaceae family taxonomic placement order Myrtales

[Caribbean ethnobotanical heritage Taíno + Jamaican Maroon + Yucatan-Mexican traditions] cultural-context, not B216-cited

Kỹ Thuật

Tổng định danh

~90–98%

Hợp chất

Nhóm

Eugenol

67.0–80.0%

Phenylpropene-phenol (MAJOR-DOM)

Methyleugenol

2.9–13.1%

Phenylpropene-methylenedioxy (TOXICOPHORE)

β-Caryophyllene

4.0–6.6%

Bicyclic sesquiterpene (anticarcinogenic-class)

(+)-Limonene

tr–4.2%

Acyclic monoterpene-hydrocarbon (anticarcinogenic)

1,8-Cineole

0.2–3.0%

Bicyclic monoterpene-ether

α-Phellandrene

0–1.8%

Cyclic monoterpene-hydrocarbon

Terpinolene

0.1–1.5%

Cyclic monoterpene-hydrocarbon

α-Caryophyllene

0–1.5%

Bicyclic sesquiterpene (anticarcinogenic)

α-Selinene + β-Selinene

0–1.0% mỗi

Sesquiterpene-hydrocarbon

Tinh dầu pimento — tiêu Jamaica

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